我了解 as 引导让步状语从句时是需要要倒装的,不倒装就是错的。如:
他年龄虽轻,了解的事情却不少。
正:Young as he is, he knows a lot of things.
误:As he is young, he knows a lot of things.
但若是用 as 引导缘由状语从句呢?也可以倒装吗?譬如:
因为他非常忙,所以你不要去打扰他。
As he is busy, please donrsquo;t disturb him.
Busy as he is, please donrsquo;t disturb him.
付老师和张老师说得都有道理,我这里也谈点怎么看,不肯定对,仅供参考。
1. as / though 构成倒装结构的让步状语从句有两个特征: 语气比 although / though 引导的让步从句要强。 表语一直放在从句之首,若为可数名词单数,前面也不要冠词。如:
Strong as / though he is, he cant lift the big stone. 尽管他非常强壮,但他搬不起这块大石头。
Child as / though he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个小孩,但他却懂不少。
▲作为学生或新手最好根据付老师说的那样去运用,最好不要随便地用as的倒装式来表示缘由,特别是在考试中更应这样。
2. 然而,张老师说的“倒装语序的 as 从句既可表让步,又可表缘由。”是完全正确的。刘重德所著的《英语 AS 的使用方法研究》(1979年6月版P.26)一书中对as的倒装句式表示让步有一个补充说明。
这种句型多半表示让步,但偶尔也表示缘由。比如:
He has made no progress at all, lazy as he is. 由于他懒惰(是个懒汉),所以毫无进步。
另外,北京大学董桂枝教授在《英语特殊表现法例解》(1981年十月版P.130)一书中对这个问题也有较详细的说明。
以as引导的表达“缘由”的从句,为了强调语气,也可以把表语置于句首,如此,as 引导的表达“缘由”的从句就与表达“让步”的从句在形式上一模一样,因而只能从句子内容上去不同它们:让步从句的内容大多与主句在乎义上相反;缘由从句与主句有因果关系。试比较下面两对由 as 引导的从句:
Young as he was, he was not equal to the task. 由于他年轻,不适合这个工作。(缘由)
Young as he was, he was equal to the task. 他虽年轻,但却可以胜任这项工作。(让步)
Tire as he was, he went to bed early. 他因疲倦了,所以早就睡了。(缘由)
Tired as he was, he sat up late studying last night. 昨晚他虽然疲倦了,但还是学习到非常晚才睡。(让步)
▲由此可知,在 Busy as he is, please don’t disturb him. 这个句子中,Busy as he is 就是“缘由状语”,由于它与主句在逻辑意义上无论怎么样都扯不上“让步关系”。