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介词翻译方法(1)

来源:www.cqgfkp.com 2025-09-11

转译:英语中常用介词来表达动作意义。汉译时,可将介词转译成动词。

①在作表语的介词短语中,介词常转译为动词,而连系动词则省略不译。如:This machine is out of repair.这台机器失修了。

②在作目的或缘由状语的介词短语中,介词有时转译成动词。如:

The plane crushed out of control.这架飞机失控而坠毁。

The letter E is commonly used for electromotive force.一般用E这个字母表示电动势。

③在作条件、方法或办法状语的介词短语中,介词有时转译成动词。如:

But even the larger molecules with several hundred atoms are too small to be seen with the best optical microscope.但,即便有几百个原子的分子也是太小了,用最好的光学显微镜也看不见它们。

④介词短语作补足语时,其中介词常转译成动词。如:

Heat sets these particles in random motion.热量使这类粒子作随机运动。

增译:增词不是无中生有,而是要依据上下文尤其是与介词搭配的动词或形容词的意思加得适合。有不少状况,句中与介词搭配的动词或形容词不出现,如照原文结构没办法把意思表达了解,甚至易于误解时,这就需要增词。

如:Thats all there is to it.那就是与此有关的全部内容。

The engineer was taken ill with consumption. It was flour on the lungs, the doctor told him at the time.这个工程师得了肺一病、那是因为面粉对肺部的影响,当时大夫如此对他说的。

因此,熟知介词与动词或形容词的习惯搭配是增词并正确理解词义的一种要紧方法。


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