Lesson 31:A lovable eccentric 可爱的怪人
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why did the shop assistant refuse to serve Dickie?
True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves. They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary. This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.
Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town. He was a shrewd and wealthy businessman, but most people in the town hardly knew anything about this side of his life. He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.
Dickie disliked snobs intensely. Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot. Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella. One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower. He wanted to buy a $300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition than an assistant refused to serve him. Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag. As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter. The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager. Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely. When Dickie was given the watch, the presented the assistant with the cloth bag. It contained $300 in pennies. He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left || 30,000 pennies in all! On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings. This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie. It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
lovable
adj. 可爱的
eccentric
n. （行为）古怪人
disregard
v. 不考虑，漠视
convention
n. 风俗，风俗
conscious
adj. 感觉到的，意识到的
invariably
adv. 一直，常常地
routine
n. 常规；惯例
shrewd
adj. 精明的
eccentricity
n. 怪僻
legendary
adj. 传奇般的
snob
n. 势利小人，谄上欺下的人
intensely
adv. 强烈地
bedraggled
adj. 拖泥带水的
dump
v. 把砰的一声抛下
apologetic
adj. 道歉的
reprimand
v. 训斥
stage
v. 暗中策划
elaborate
adj. 精心构思的
参考译文
真正古怪的人从不有意引人注意。他们不考虑社会风俗，意识不到自己所作所为有哪些特殊之处。他们总能取得其他人的喜欢与尊敬，由于他们给平淡单一的平时生活增添了色彩。
理查德.科尔森生前是大家镇上最有名望的人之一。他是个精明能干、有钱的商人，但镇上大多数人对他日常的这一个方面几乎一无所知。大伙都管他叫迪基。早在他过世前很长时间，他的古怪行为就成了传奇故事了。
迪基痛恨势利小人。尽管他有一辆豪华小轿车，但却极少用，常常喜欢以步代车。即便大雨倾盆，他也一直拒绝带伞。一天，他遇上一场瓢泼大雨，淋得透湿。他走进一家高级商店，要为老婆买一块价值300英镑的手表。但店员见他浑身泥水的样子，竟不愿接待他。迪基二话没说就走了。一会儿，他携带一个大布口袋回到店里。布袋非常沉，他重重地把布袋扔在柜台上。店员让迪基走开，他置之不理，并需要见经理。经理认出了这位客户，表示了深深的歉意，还严厉地训斥了店员。店员为迪基拿出了那块手表，迪基把布口袋递给他，口袋里面装着300镑的便士。他坚持要店员点清那些硬币后他才离去。
新定义英语正版图书购买
自学导读
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. 在退休前，弗兰克是一家很大的商业企业的经理，但他小时侯却在一家小铺里做工。
（1）head在此处的意思不是人或动物的头部，而是首领、头目，一般出目前the head of +名词结构中：
John is the head of the family.
约翰是一家之主。
Frank is the head of that firm.
弗兰克是那家企业的总裁。
（2） as在这里为介词，表不当时，as a boy等于 as he was a boy。
2．It was his job to repair bicycles他那时的工作是维修自行车
it为先行主语，句子的真正主语为to repair bicycles。
3．He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. 他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了我们的一个小铺子。
（1）for years表示很多年。
（2）of one's own为固定短语，表示我们的、是我们的，own为代词：
He wanted a room of his own.
他想要一个我们的房间。
Do you have a house of your own?
你有我们的房屋吗？
4．in one's twenties，（在某人）二十多岁的时候。
one's twenties/thirties/forties，二十多岁／三十多岁／四十多岁10的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数目，与所有格形容词（my等）连用时表示大约的年龄：
My aunt Jennifer is in her late thirties/early forties, but she often appears on the stage as a young girl.
我的姑妈詹妮弗已接近四十岁／四十出头，但她却常在舞台上饰演小女孩。
5．Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. 弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难历程和走过的漫长的成功的道路，微笑了。
（1）hard意思不少，在这里指艰难的、困苦的：
She lived a hard life in those years.
那些年她的生活非常艰难。
（2）one's early years指某人的早年（生活），意义相近的表达方法为early in one's life。
（3） the long road to success是一种比喻的说法，由于success是抽象名词。to在这里表示方向、目的地，意义为朝、往、向等，这个短语的字面意义为通向成功的漫漫长路。
语法 Grammar in use
1．过去进行时与一般过去时
在第7课的语法中大家学习了过去进行时。它主要表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，和一般过去时常常在一个句子里用。与一般过去时相比，它更强调动作的持续性，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时，过去进行时总是用来表示背景：
Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.
昨天下午弗兰克霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的历程。
He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑着的时候门开了，他的老婆走了进去。
Last Sunday, I went and sat on the river bank as usual.
Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.
上星期天，我和平常一样，又去河边坐着。河岸上有的孩子正在玩耍，河面上有的人正在划船。（过去进行时描述背景）
比较典型的表示过去正在进行的动作的表达方法如：
2．used to do
大家用used to do表示过去有过但目前已没有的习惯，以便将过去与目前形成对照。它后面常常用由but now，but
notany more/any longer等构成的、用了一般目前时的句子以强调过去和目前的区别。
I used to smoke, but I don't any more/any longer.我过去常抽烟，但目前已不吸了。
He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very hard|working.他过去是个懒孩子，但目前他非常勤奋。
used to仅用于一般过去时。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不需要助动词do而用used本身：
词语学习 Word study
1．experience
（1）n．历程（可数）：
I had an amusing experience last year.
去年我有过一次有趣的历程。
He told me about his experiences as a young man.
他向我讲述了他年轻时的历程。
（2）n．经验，体验（不可数）：
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.
他们想要一位有丰富经验的人来承担这项工作。
Does she have any experience in teaching?
她有教学经验吗？
（3）vt．经验，体验：
Have you ever experienced anything like this?
你历程过像这种事情吗？
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
自1980年以来这个村子历程了很大的变化。
experience的过去分词常作形容词用，表示有经验的、资深的：
John is an experienced driver.
约翰是个资深的司机。
2．save vt．，vi．
（1）救助，搭救，拯救：
The doctor saved the child's life.
那位大夫救了这孩子一命。
They saved the child from the fire.
他们从大火中救出了这孩子。
（2）储蓄，积攒：
He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
为了买一辆车，他积攒了多年。
He used to save letters.
他过去常积攒信件。
3．work与job
作为名词，这两个单词都可以翻译为工作，但它们在使用方法上并不同。job为可数名词，一般与职业、职位有关，或表示某人的份内事；work作工作讲时是不可数名词，常指具体的劳动、作业或（待做的）工作或事务等，也会表示上班：
It was his job to repair bicycles.
他的工作是维修自行车。
John is looking for a new job.
约翰正在找一份新工作。
I'm looking for work as a driver.
我在找一份开车的活。
I've a lot of work to do on Sunday.
星期天我有很多事要做。
训练答案 Key to written exercises
1．重点句型训练答案
A What was happening： was telling (1.1)；was still smiling (1.10)
What happened： retired(1.2)；saved(1.5)；bought(1.6)；had(1.7)；employed(1.9)；smiled when he remembered (1.9)；openedcame inwanted(11.10|11)
What used to happen： used to work(1.3)；used to work(11.4|5)；used to make(1.7)
C worked/was workingsat/was sittingwas lookingwere passingsTOPpedgotwere/had beenused to come/cameused to go/wentwerequarrelledhad never seen/sawgot/was gettingcalledhurried
2．难题训练答案
1 experienced 2jobs 3job 4save
3．多项选择题答案
1d 2b 3a 4c 5a 6a
7d 8a 9b 10c 11a 12c
课堂笔记
retire v 退休
company n 公司
bicycle n 自行车
save v 积蓄
workshop n 车间
helper n 助手，助手
employ v 雇用
grandson n 孙子
he is getting old，he is going to retire
retire＝sTOP doing this ＝ sTOP working
i'm going to retire next year
我明年将推出影坛或歌坛等
i'm so tired that im going to retire now
form 商行
corporation 责任公司
limited corporation 有限责任公司
Ltd. Co
he works in my business
他在我的公司工作
save 挽救
save one's life
he saved my life
他挽救了我的生命
save one's face 挽回面子
save money 存钱
西方人不喜欢提钱，所以用
save up存钱
i have saved up for many years
我已经存了好几年的钱
save it for a rainy day
未雨绸缪，为以后而做好筹备
workhouse 感化院，强迫劳动的地方
workshop 工作并且可以拿出来卖
assistant助理
employee雇员
employer雇主
trainer练习
trainee被练习的人
text
he worked in a factory他过去在一个车间工作
he used to work in a small workshop他过去在一个小车间工作
used to do 过去常常，但目前不做
my teacher used to live there我的老师过去住在那（目前不在了）
he lived there 他过去住在那，（但不了解他目前时否住在那）
she worked as a teacher
work...as...作为...工作...
he used to work as a teacher
i used to study in this school
as a boy＝as he was a boy
as 在这是当...的时候
as a young man 当他年轻的时候
in his twenties，in ones thirties/fourties
in one's －ies，在某人几十多岁的时候
in my fifties 在我五十多岁的时候
in his fifties，he learned the second language
in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代
i worked/began the job in the 1990s
a head of 老板
at that time＝just then＝at that moment
of one's own某人我们的
my own book
用of one's own 或 one's own 由被修饰词的地方决定，如过修饰词在前边用
of one's own，不然用one's own
has become 成长为
in a few years在一些年之后
hard early years早年的艰辛
long road to success通往成功的长路
remember记得，回忆起
memory n 记忆 memorize v.
there is a long way to go
my wife came in when i was smiling强调我老婆进去
i was smiling when my wife came in强调我微笑（when 不可以放在强调的前面）
want sb to do sth
过去进行时出目前1。一个故事的背景
2。和另外一件事同时发生
a。experience 历程（可数名词） 经验（不可数名词）experienced 有经验的
b.save save one's life save、 one's face、 save money
c.work and job work 可做动词，job 可数，work 不可数
economize 经济，节省（能不需要的就不需要）
save 存钱（多余的钱）
go for a ride/go for a walk go for a ride on sth
be surprised to do
not anymore不再
leader 起带头用途的人
headmaster 校长
direction 方向
director 管理整个事务的人
Frank is a director of a business company
superior 监理
enter＝go in/come in return＝go back
