Lesson 43:Fully insured 全保险
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Who owned the pie and why?
Insurance companies are normally willing to insure anything. Insuring public or private property is a standard practice in most countries in the world. If, however, you were holding an open air garden party or a fete it would be equally possible to insure yourself in the event of bad weather. Needless to say, the bigger the risk an insurance company takes, the higher the premium you will have to pay. It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for cosplayt of salvaging a sunken ship. But the claim made by a local authority to recover the cosplayt of salvaging a sunken pie dish must surely be unique.
Admittedly it was an unusual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet long and six feet wide. It had been purchased by a local authority so that an enormous pie could be baked for an annual fair. The pie committee decided that the best way to transport the dish would be by canal, so they insured it for the trip. Shortly after it was launched, the pie committee went to a local inn to celebrate. At the same time, a number of teenagers climbed on to the dish and held a little party of their own. Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear, for during the party it capsized and sank in seven feet of water.
The pie committee telephoned a local garage owner who arrived in a recovery truck to salvage the pie dish. Shivering in their wet clothes, the teenagers looked on while three men ped repeatedly into the water to locate the dish. They had little difficulty in finding it, but hauling it out of the water proved to be a serious problem. The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to attach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it. Eventually chains were fixed to one end of the dish and a powerful winch was put into operation. The dish rose to the surface and was gently drawn towards the canal bank. For one agonizing moment, the dish was perched precariously on the bank of the canal, but it suddenly overbalanced and slid back into the water. The men were now obliged to try once more. This time they fixed heavy metal clamps to both sides of the dish so that they could fasten the chains. The dish now had to be lifted vertically because one edge was resting against the side of the canal. The winch was again put into operation and one of the men started up the truck. Several minutes later, the dish was again put into operation and one of the water. Water streamed in torrents over its sides with such force that it set up a huge wave in the canal. There was danger that the wave would rebound off the other side of the bank and send the dish plunging into the water again. By working at tremendous speed, the men managed to get the dish on to dry land before the wave returned.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
admittedly
adv. 公认地
purchase
v. 买
annual
adj. 一年一度的
teenager
n. （13至19岁的）青少年
capsize
v. （船）翻
shiver
v. 打颤，发抖
pe
v. （头向下）跳水
haul
v. 拖曳
hawser
n. 粗缆绳
rim
n. （圆形物品的）外沿，边
winch
n. 绞车
agonizing
adj. 精神紧张的，提心吊胆的
perch
v. 处于（高处）
precariously
adv. 危险地，不稳定地
overbalance
v. 失去平衡
clamp
n. 夹钳，夹板
vertically
adv. 垂直地
torrent
n. 激流，洪流
rebound
v. 弹回
参考译文
保险公司一般说来想承保所有东西。承办公共财产或私人财产保险是世界上大多数国家的正常业务。假如你要举办一次露天游园会或盛宴，为防止碰上不好的天气而遭受损失也同样可以保险，不需要说，保险公司承担风险越大，你付的保险费也就越高。航运公司为打捞沉船而提出索赔，这是常有些事，但某地当局为打捞一只焙制馅饼的盘子提出索赔，倒是件新鲜的事儿。
这个馅饼盘子确实少见，有18英尺长，6英尺宽。某地方当局买下它用来焙制一个巨大的馅饼为一年一度买卖会助兴。馅饼委员会确认运输这只盘子的最好策略是通过运河水运。于是，他们对这只盘子的运输安全投了保。盘子下水后不久，馅饼委员会成员们来到当地一家小酒店庆贺。就在这时，很多十多大岁数的孩子爬盘子举行他们我们的集会。他们跳起了舞，盘子很难承受。舞会进行过程中，盘子倾覆，沉入了7英尺深的水中。
馅饼委员会给当地汽车维修库老板打电话，他闻讯后开着一辆急修理汽车前来打捞盘子。那些孩子们穿着湿衣服哆嗦，看着3个工人轮潜入水中以确定盘子的地方。他们没费多大事儿就找到了盘子。可是把盘子捞出却是一个非常大的难点。盘子四边十分光滑，要在盘边拴上绳索或链条而同时又不损毁它是非常难办到的。不过，他们终于将链条固定在盘子的一端，一台大功率的绞车开动起来。盘子慢慢浮出水面，被轻轻地拽向运河岸边。在让人忐忑不安的瞬间，盘子晃晃悠悠地上了岸，但它忽然失去了平衡，又跌回水中。工大家只得再来一次。这次，他们用沉重的金属夹子把盘子夹住，以便往盘子上安装铁链。这次，盘子需要垂直吊出水面，由于盘子的一边紧靠着运河河岸。绞盘机第三启动，一位工人发动了急修理汽车的引擎。几分钟后，盘子被成功地拽出了水面。波浪从盘子两侧急涌而出，在运河里掀起一股大浪。但当波浪从河对岸折回来时，就有第三把盘子拖进水里的危险。工大家动作飞速，终于赶在那股大浪返回之前把盘子拽到了岸上。
新定义英语正版图书购买
自学导读
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. 美国探险家 RE伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第1次飞越了南极。
（1）这句话包括两个同位语。three years after为 1929的同位语，作插入性的补充说明；R．E．Byrd 作 the American explorer 的同位语。
（2）for the first time 表示首次，time在这里表示次、回，还可以说 this time, last time, next time, another time, each time, for the last time等：
I remind you for the last time that if you don't hurry, you'll miss the train.
我最后一次提醒你，假如不快点，你会误了火车的。
Give him these photos next time you see him.
下次你见到他时把这类相片给他。
2．Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. 虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的很多照片，但他们非常快就陷入了困境。
（1）连词though引导的是让步状语从句，其含义为虽然、尽管。这个从句中的时间状语at first被单独用逗号隔开了，它假如按正常的词序应放在从句的末尾，但或许会引起误解。
（2）at first与主句中的 soon形成时间上的照应，表示先后次序。
（3）take a photograph of 表示拍的照片：
He took a photograph of his house before he left home.
他离家前给他家的房屋拍了一张照片。
（4）that lay below为 the mountains的定语从句，that为从句的主语。
（5）run into trouble的意思与 get into trouble相似，表示陷入困境：
Each time he ran into trouble, he asked his parents for help.
每当他陷入困境时，他都向他爸爸妈妈求助。
3．At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. 在有个地方，飞机好像一定要坠毁了。
（1）at one point在此处可以讲解为在有个地方，但它一般的意思为在某一时刻，point指时间上的某一点：
At one point, he made up his mind to become a painter.
他曾一度下决心要当个画家。
（2）it为先行主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。it作先行主语时常常与seem，appear，look等连用：
It now looks certain that the meeting is going to be put off.
目前好像可以一定会议将被推迟。
4．rise to，飞机上升至。
5． it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. 它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。
clear在这里表示（不接触地）越过：
He cleared 2. 10 metres.
他跳过了2.10米。
by表示以之差：
I missed the train by ten minutes.
我晚了10分钟，没赶上火车。
He is younger than me by two years.
他比我小两岁。
6．for there were no more mountains in sight. 由于前面再没山了。
for表示由于。 in sight表示在看得见的范围内、在可看见之处：
No man was in sight.
一个人也看不见。
7．white plains, 白色原野。
由于南极到处覆盖着雪，因此是白色的。
语法 Grammar in use
can， could与 be able to
在第19课的语法中，大家学习了情态助动词 can／could用于表示请求其他人允许或回话时的状况：
Can／Could I borrow your unbrella (please)?
（请问）我可以借用一下你的雨伞吗？（could 比can更客气、委婉）
can有时可以用于表示可能性：
在表示天生的或学到的能力时，can／could可用于目前时和过去时：
Billy is only 9 months old and he can already stand up. 比利只有9个月，而他已经能站起来了。
在目前时和一般过去时中，can／could与 be able to一般可以互换，be able to总是用于表示学到的技能：
I tried again and found I could swim／was able to swim. 我第三努力，就发现自己会游泳了。
在谈到说话时正在发生的事时，一般不需要 be able to：Look! I can stand on my head.
看！我能倒立。
在表示成功地完成某一具体动作时，一般不需要could，而用be able to；假如表示某一动作没获得成功，则可用 couldn't：
It's a pity he couldn't visit Mary.
非常遗憾他没能去看望玛丽。
Oh, didn't you know? He was able to visit her after all.
噢，你不清楚吗？他最后还是能去看她了。
在问及过去某一具体活动时可用 could，但回答是一定的时候则不可以：
Could he borrow a car?
他能借到车了吗？
Yes, he was able to borrow a car after all.
是的，他最后还是能借到车了。
No, he couldn't.
不，他没能借到。
词语学习 Word study
1．lie vi.
（1）躺，（平）卧：
While I sat by the fire, my dog lay beside me.
当我坐在火炉旁时，我的狗躺在我旁边。
Don't lie on the floor! It's too cold.
别躺在地板上！太冷了。
（2）坐落于：
The mountains lie below us now.
目前群山在大家的下方。
Our village lies between a river and a road.
大家的村子坐落于一条河流和一条公路之间。
The town lies to the east of London.
这镇子坐落于伦敦东面。
2．含有介词at的词组
at与很多词可以构成固定词组，其中表示时间的有：at first（开始时，刚开始），at once（立刻，立刻），at present（现在，目前），at last（最后，终于）， at times（有时）；表示地址的有：at home（在家），at school（在学校）；表示程度的有： at least（至少）， at any rate（不管如何）。其他词组有 at heart（内心里，事实上），at a loss（困惑不解，不知如何解决）等。
At first they were able to take photographs.
开始时他们还能照相。
Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out food sacks.
伯德立刻命令他的助手们把食物袋扔掉。
At last the plane was able to rise.
最后飞机终于可以上升了。
At times I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.
有时我感觉这房屋将会被一架飞过的飞机撞倒。
At any rate, I'm determined to stay here at present.
不管如何，现在我决定留在这儿。
At least, I'm not mad yet.
至少我还没有疯。
If Billy isn't at school, he must be at home.
假如比利不在学校，他一定在家。
People have more money now, yet the temptation to steal is greater than ever before Why? I'm at a loss.
大家目前比以前有钱，但盗窃的魅惑力却比以往任何时候都更大。为何呢？我感到非常困惑。
Though he tried to make conversation with the lady, he wasn't interested in her at heart.
虽然他试图与那位妇女聊天，他事实上对她并不有兴趣。
训练答案 Key to written exercises
1．重点句型训练答案
A were able to take(1.3); couldget over(1.6); was then able to rise(1.8); would be able to reach(1.9); was able to fly (1.10)
2．难题训练答案
1 at last 2 at home 3 at once 4 at the moment 5 at times6 was at a loss 7 At first
3．多项选择题答案
1 b 2b 3 a 4 a 5 d 6 d
7 a 8 c 9 c 10 d 11 a 12 c
课堂笔记
exercises：
can－－可能性
be able to－－可能性，强调成功地做
4......
could与过去时态有关，强调可能性
be able to强调成功地做
用过去式表达，表示在过去发生
过去完成时，强调在过去地过去
5...d...
could rise －－大概，不了解结果
might rise －－ 可能
might succeed in rising－－可能成功地做
rose－－没情态动词，表示已经成为事实
6...d...
be able to
was/were able to－－表示这个动作在过去成功地做
will be able to||以后或许会成＝can
