Lesson 37
The Olympic Games
奥林匹克运动会
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音,然后回答以下问题。
When was the last time this country hosted the Olympic Games?
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic|standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously asthe new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的
hold v. 召开
government n. 政府
immense adj. 巨大的
stadium n. 露天体育场
standard n. 标准
capital n. 首都
fantastic adj. 巨大的
design v. 设计
参考译文
4年将来,奥林匹克运动会将在大家国家举行。因为或有大量的人到大家国家来,所以政府筹备建造一些新的餐馆、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线。奥运会就在首都市郊举办,整个区域将被称作奥林匹克城。工大家将在今年年底前把新路铺好;到明年年底,他们将把新体育场建成。这类巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特.冈特设计的。大伙都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成。大家都很激动,期盼奥运会的到来,由于在这个国家还从未举办过奥运会。
自学导读
1.The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years'time. 4年将来,奥林匹克运动会将在大家国家举行。
(1)作为专有名词的一部分时 games 的第一个字母要大写。
(2)
这句话的语态是被动语态用于一般以后时(will be held)。
(3)in four years' time,4年之后。 in的这种使用方法在第9课的语法中已经说过,它一般与以后时连用表示时间之后:
I'll be back in ten minutes or half an hour.
我10分钟或半个小时将来回来。
名词的所有格用于表示时间在第13课的语法中已经提到过:
He will arrive in three hours' time.
他3小时将来到达。
2.As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic|standard swimming pool. 因为或有大量的人到大家国家来,
所以政府筹备建造一些新的餐馆、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。
(1)连词as用于表示缘由时一般坐落于句首,这是由于它所表明是什么原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的,因此没必要再予以强调。
连词 because任何时候都可以代替as来讲明一种或几种缘由,但as则未必总能代替 because:
As you can't type the letter yourself, you'll have to ask Susan to do it for you.
既然你一个人不可以用打字机打这封信,那你就请苏珊替你打吧。
because 一般跟在主句后面,强调讲话对象可能不了解的缘由:
Jim's trying to save more money because he wants to buy a car.
吉姆正设法多攒些钱,由于他想买辆车。
(2)building 后面的成分为它的3个并列宾语,每一个宾语前面的冠词都不可省略。
(3)Olympic|standard 是个形容词+名词形式的复合形容词,作定语。虽然字典中一般不把它作为一个词条,但它的意思是
一清二楚的。
第32课中出现的 well|dressed 也是个复合形容词,
其构成为副词+过去分词,它已被大伙同意,作为固定的词条出现于一般字典中。
3.a special railway line,一条铁路专线。
special 在此处表示专门的、特设的。line 既能够笼统地指两地间的铁路线路,
又可以具体地指包含路基、枕木等的铁路轨线。
4.by the end of this year,在今年年底前。
by表示在某时之前、
并不晚于某时的任何时间。它不可以与表示一段时间的名词连用,只能与表示时间点的名词或词组连用,用于一定句与用于否定句时有肯定不同:
5.Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.大伙都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成。
(1)watch 在此处表示关注而不是真的盯着看。
(2)as在这里为连词,等于while,表示当、正值,它引导的从句虽然表示以后的动作,但要用一般目前时。
(3)go up 为短语动词,其含义之一为(建筑物)被兴建起来:
Many new houses are going up in this district.
这个区域正兴建很多新房屋。
语法 Grammar in use
一般以后完成时(The future perfect simple tense)
(1)在第12课和第13课的语法中,大家学习了一般以后时和以后进行时。
一般以后时除去可以用来预言以后发生的事以外,还可以表示意愿,如许诺、建议、请求、建议等:
The radio hasn't been mended yet.
收音机还没修好。
Never mind! I'll mend it for you.
别担忧!我会给你修的。(许诺)
Will you open the door for me please!
请你帮我开一下门怎么样?(请求)
Shall we go for a swim tomorrow?
大家明天去游泳怎么样?(建议)
以后进行时除去表示近期或不久的以后正在进行的动作外,
还可以表示计划或安排好的事:
A great many people will be visiting the country.
很多人将到大家国家来。(以后正在进行的动作)
The government will be building new roads.
政府筹备修筑一些新的道路。(计划好的事)
(2)以后完成时用于表示到以后某一时刻已经完成的动作:
以后完成时由will have+ 过去分词构成。它常与by和nottill/ until+ 表示时间的名词连用:
I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.
我期望到明天你就会改变主意了。
词语学习 Word study
1.hold vt.
(1)拿着,抓住,抱住:
Please hold the baby while I take off my coat.
我脱外衣的时候请帮我抱一下孩子。
Why are you holding my bag?
你为何抓住我的包?
(2)容纳,装得下,包括:
This cup can't hold much water.
这杯子装不了多少水。
The stadium can hold 20,000 people.
这个体育场能容纳两万人。
(3)举行(会议、会谈等);庆祝(节日):
The Olympic Games will be held just outside the capital.
奥运会就在首都市郊举办。
When are we going to hold the next meeting?
大家什么时间举行下次会议?
2.look的一些固定短语
(1)look forward to常用于表示开心地
盼望、期待,to为介词,因此后面只能跟名词、代词和动名词,不可以接动词原形:
We are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.
大家期盼奥运会的到来,由于这个国家还从未举办过奥运会。
I look forward to seeing you during the weekend.
我期盼周末见到你。
(2)look out 除表示朝外看以外,
还可以表示注意、留心,特别在祈使句中:
You should always look out when you walk across a road.
你过马路时要留心。
Look out! There's something in the middle of the road.
小心!马路中间有东西。
(3)look up 的意思之一为(在字典、参考书等中)查找:
He looked up the word in several dictionaries.
他在几本字典中查了这个单词。
它还可以表示看望、拜访某个人,一般用于口语中:
I'm going to look up Mary this afternoon.
我计划今天下午去看望玛丽。
3.design
(1)vt.,vi.设计图样:
These modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter.
这类现代化建筑是由库尔特冈特设计的。
George has designed a new bridge.
乔治设计了一座新桥。
(2)vt.,vi.计划(做),计划:
He designed to enter for the competition.
他计划报名参加竞赛。
This book is designed for foreign tourists.
这本书是为外国游客设计的。
(3)n.图样,图纸;设计:
Here is the design of the new house.
这是这座新房屋的图纸。
Susan has just drawn a design for a new dress.
苏珊刚画了一个新的衣服样式。
训练答案 Key to written exercises
1.重点句型训练答案
A What will happen: will be held(1.1); will be held(1.5);will be called(1.6)
What will be happening: will be visiting (1.2); will be building(1.3); will also be building (1.4); will be watching (1.9)
What will have happened: will have completed(1.7); will have finished (1.8)
2.难题训练答案
1 holding looking forward to 2 look out 3 look up
4 is holding 5 look up 6 held looking forward to
3.多项选择题答案
1c 2b 3b 4b 5b 6d
7 a 8 c 9 d 10 b 11b 12 a
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★Olympicadj. 奥林匹克的
Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会,简称 the Games
★holdv. 召开
hold,held,held
have a meeting 召开会议
hold a meeting召开会议
hold a party召开宴会
被动:The meeting will be held.
The Olympic Games will be held in China in 2008
★governmentn. 政府
★immenseadj. 巨大的
big,large 大的
huge 巨大
great 大的,伟大的
immense/i'mens/ 很大的,无边的
immense ocean
great man 伟人;big man 大人物; large man 大块头
huge (体积)巨大,庞大
★stadiumn. 露天体育场
playground 操场
sports field 运动场sports:各种各样的运动
gymnasium:体育;gym 体育馆
★standardn. 标准
high standard 高标准
Olympic standard 运动会中的最高标准
★capitaln. 首都
capital 大写的
★fantasticadj. 巨大的,宏伟
★designv. 设计
designer n. 设计师
well|designed 设计很好
【课文解说】
4 years later 四年后
The Olympic Games will be held in our country...
as/because引导缘由
a large number of peope/a great many people 大多数的人
be visiting the country
be building 建设
an immense stadium 一个大型体育场
a new Olympic|standard swimming pool 一个高标准的游泳池
be building 修建
special railway|line专线铁路
outside the capital 市郊
Olympic City 奥林匹克城
by the end of this year到今年年底前
by 完成时的标志,表示到为止
目前完成式:到目前某一点时间为止
过去完成式:到过去某一点时间为止
以后完成式:到以后某一点时间为止,某个动词已经发生
will have done
by the end of next year 到明年年底前
By the end of next year ,they will have finished/completed the work on the new stadium.
work on....的工程
modern buildings 现代化建筑
fantastic 巨大的
...have been designed by....
Everybody will be watching anxiously ...大家都将密切注视
as the new buildings go up
as 伴随,引导从句,状语从句不需要以后时态
be built强调建造
go up 拔地而起
be excited 激动的
look forward to + n./doing 期待(非常高兴的)
because 由于
because they have never been held before in this country.
before 在此之前
He will be watching anxiously as... :密切注意
以后完成时will have done(till,until)
4......
by the end of next year
by:到。。。为止,在。。。之前
7......
because:强调后面的是缘由
because of:(介词短语)
why不可以直接做连词
due to:(介词短语)因为
His success is due to his hard work.
12......
look forward to:期待(开心)
expect:期待
be pleased:感到开心的,让人认可地
be pleased to do sth:乐于做某事
5.....b
完成的定义
be complete
complete:(adj)完全的; (v.)完成
are now completed
are complete
【Special difficulties】
a.Hold(会议,宴会)
b.Look
look forward to+名词/动词的-ing
look out:当心
look up:查阅;拜访
look up words in the dictionary
look up sth. in the book
look sb. up
1....holding....looking forward to...
be+动词-ing
2....look(him)up...
knock over:撞到
Who's Who:《名人大全》
4....held...
debate on:辩论
三步:
1.dialogue
2.discussion
3.debate
capital:首都;大写
capital punishment:极刑
5......look(her)up...
look up:拜访,看
6....held...looking forward to...
hold an exam:举行考试
take the exam:同意考试
【Composition】
1.Both my bother and I are going to the Olympic Games.
2.We bought tickets a long time ago and (we) shall be leaving soon.
3.We shall not only see the games but visit many parts of the country as well.