静态动词完成时表示持续一段时间一般用for/since
那样so far/before/this year/always/recently/today/never/ever表示从过去持续到目前的时间状语也可以用于静态动词完成时吗,能否每个剖析一下并给些例句,谢谢!
静态动词的目前完成时主要用来表示一个状况从过去持续到目前,一般需要for或since时间状语表示该状况持续了多长时间或从什么时间开始。always也可以截止说话时一直存在的状况。
I have known her since we were children.
I have known her for over twenty years.
I have always known her.
since还可以表示动态动词表示的事件在过去到目前这期间中的某个不确切的时间发生,此时不能用for时间状语:
I have seen him onlythree timessince we left school.
so far/before/this year/recently/today/never/ever等,这类常与目前完成时连用的状语并不是表示谓语表示的情景从过去持续到目前,而是表示谓语表示的情景发生在目前以前某个不确切的过去时间。这类状语一般和动态动词连用,表示动作/事件发生在目前以前。
never一般与动态动词连用,表示事件在以前没发生过:
I have never heard of him.
before表示事件发生在目前以前的某个不确切的过去时间:
I have read this book before.
ever一般与目前完成时适用,修饰做高级或序数词修饰的名词:
This is the best book I have ever read.
He is the first man who has ever travelled in space.
so far一般用来表示事件在目前以前发生过多少次:
He has written 5 books so far.
This year, today与目前完成时适用,表示事件发生在今年或今天某个说话时之前的不确切时间(美式英语常用一般过去时表示):
I have seen him this year/today.
recently表示事件发生在近期的某个时间(美式英语常用一般过去时):
Things have changed recently.
just表示事件刚刚发生:
He has just left.