4 HOW TO LURE1 TEACHERS?
Gore2 says that he'd spend more to boost their pay, Bush that he'd cut through the bureaucracy
On this one point George W. Bush and Al Gore would agree: our schools needmore Marilyn Whirrys. For 35 years, Whirry has inspired high school students to think deeply about great literature and to use its devices in their writing. She is the kind of teacher that students come back to visit decades later in her classroom in Manhattan Beach, Calif. Last May a national educators' group named her its Teacher of the Year. And with the nation's public schools planning to hire 2.5 million new teachers over the next decade, Whirry is excited that each presidential candidate is pushing ways to recruit, train and reward better teachers. They're both talking about teacher quality, she says. We have a real opportunity right now.
Bush's plan combines most existing federal funds for professional development and class-size reduction into a flexible new fund for teacher training and recruitment, and he adds $400 million a year in new money. Bush would allow states to spend the funds as they see fit--so long as they establish teacher-accountability systems. This is similar to what Ronald Reagan did in the 1980s. But then, says Emily Feistritzer, president of the Center for Education Information, the money disappeared. Under Bush's plan, she says, I worry that the money won't go where it's intended to once it reaches the states.
Bush would expand funding from $2.4 million to $30 million for the Troops to Teachers program, which places veterans who want to teach in public schools. The program makes use of people like Arthur Moore, who retired3 in 1994 after 21 years in the Army and knew he wanted to teach. There are a lot of people who would make excellent teachers but are discouraged by the bureaucracy of the certification process, says Moore, 45, who began teaching fourth grade in Baltimore and now tests students for special education. Troops to Teachers is an excellent way to tap their potential by lowering the barriers. Bush would also expand loan forgiveness for math and science majors who teach in needy4 schools.
Gore's plan, endorsed6 by the teachers' unions, would spend $8 billion over 10 years to help recruit 1 million new teachers, with provisions for college aid, loan forgiveness and signing bonuses. Gore would spend an additional $8 billion to provide raises of as much as $5,000 each to teachers in poor districts that have adopted aggressive plans to improve teacher quality, plus as much as $10,000 each to teachers certified7 by a national board. Gore would also require states to ensure that all new teachers pass rigorous assessments8. Says Feistritzer: Gore's proposal might be a little excessive in the number of teachers he wants to recruit, but his teacher testing is exactly what we need.
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By Rebecca Winters Time; 11/06/2000, Vol. 156 Issue 19, p88, 2/3p, 1c
注：本文选自Time；11/06/2000, p88, 2/3p, 1c
注：本文习题命题模仿对象2005年真题text 1第一题，2001年真题text 4第2题和第3题，text 3第1题和第2题
1.In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his TOPic by________.
[A] quoting the Teach of the Year
[B] citing an example
[C] making an assumption
[D] posing a contrast
2.According to Emily Feistritzer, Bushs plan might_________.
[A] be handicapped by the states
[B] give the states too much freedom
[C] help states recruit more teachers
[D] be too flexible
3.The basic problem many veterans encounter when they seek the teaching profession is _____.
[A] their lack of training and experience
[B] their background
[C] that they do not have the making of a teacher
[D] the barriers in the certification process
4.From paragraph 4 we can infer that__________.
[A] Gores plan is better than Bushs plan
[B] poor districts will receive more funding from Gores plan
[C] Gores plan focuses on the number of teachers while Bushs plan on the accountability
[D] Gores plan gives qualified9 teacher generous paycheck
5.What is the passage mainly about?
[A] The competition between Bush and Gore.
[B] Two presidential candidates plans of teacher training, recruitment and rewarding.
[C] The increasing importance of the teaching profession.
[D] The differences between Bushs plan and that of Gores.
答案：C A D D B
篇章分析：
本篇文章是说明文，介绍了两位总统候选人布什和戈尔各自的教师招募和培训计划。第一段提出了两位候选人的一个一同之处：挖空心思招募，培训和奖励出色教师。第二段介绍了布什的新基金计划；第三段介绍了布什的军人当教师计划；第四段介绍了戈尔的教师招募和评估策略。
词语注解：
candidate: [5kAndidit] n. 候选人
recruit: [ri5kru:t] v. 吸收；招募
accountability: [E7kauntE5biliti] n. 有责任, 有义务
bureaucracy: [bjJ5rRkrEsI] n. 官僚, 官僚作风, 官僚机构
certification: [sE:tIfI5keIFn] n. 证明，证明书；合格证
tap: [tAp] v. 开发；借助
endorse5: [in5dC:s] v. 支持，核准批准或给予支持，尤以公开声明形式；核准
forgiveness: [fE5^IvnIs] n. 免除
bonus: [5bEunEs] n. 红利；奖金；额外津贴
rigorous: [5ri^ErEs] adj. 严格的, 严厉的
excessive: [ik5sesiv] adj. 过多的, 过分的
难句突破
Gore would spend an additional $8 billion to provide raises of as much as $5,000 each to teachers in poor districts that have adopted aggressive plans to improve teacher quality, plus as much as $10,000 each to teachers certified by a national board
主体句式：Gore would spend an additional $8 billion.
结构剖析：本句是一个复杂句，不定式to provide raises .作整个句子的目的状语，其中包括了一个that引导的定语从句，修饰districts，介词plus引导了一个随着状语，修饰这个目的状语。
句子译文：除此之外，戈尔计划再花80亿USD给采取积极方案提升教师水平的贫困区域每位教师增加5000USD薪资，再加上给每位获得国家教育委员会证书的教师10000USD。
题目剖析：
1. 答案为C，属推理判断题。可以从第一句话would agree看出。would是一种虚拟使用方法，表明这是作者的一种假想。
2. 答案为A，属事实细节题。依据上下文，布什的计划像里根的计划，当时钱拨到了各州，但最后都不知去向。Emily Feistritzer担忧假如各州可以根据自己觉得合适的方法动用这笔资金的话，这笔钱将不被用于刚开始的目的。也就是说布什的计划会在州里实行不力。
3. 答案为D，属事实细节题。这一题的答案在文中第三段，退伍老兵Moore说很多本来可成为出色教师的退伍军人却由于the bureaucracy of the certification process而受阻。
4. 答案为D，属推理判断题。这可以从获得全国教育委员会认证的教师每个人还可以得到1万USD的建议中看出。
5. 答案为B，属推理判断题。判断文章的主旨。文章第一段借用Whirry之口来讲明两位总统候选人都在积极推进对教师的招募，培训和奖励政策。接着在第二段和第三段介绍了布什的两个计划，第四段介绍了戈尔的计划，这类计划都与招募，培训，奖励政策有关。所以应该是B。
参考译文：
乔治W布什和阿尔戈尔或许会一致赞同如此一种说法：大家的学校需要更多像玛丽莲威尔瑞斯如此的老师。在过去35年中，威尔瑞斯一直鼓励中学生深入考虑伟大文学作品的意义并在我们的写作中运用其中的一些创作手法。她是那种学生几十年后依然会回到她在加州曼哈顿海滩的教室来拜访她的老师。去年5月，一个全国教师组织将她评为年度教师。目前全国公立学校计划在将来十年招聘250万新教师，威尔瑞斯对于每位总统候选人都挖空心思招募，培训和奖励出色教师的做法感到很激励。他们两人都谈到了教师素质的问题，她说。目前正是大家的大好机会。
布什计划把大多数用于职业培训和缩小课堂规模的现有联邦基金和一个用于教师培训和招募的新基金合在一块，再给这比新资金每年追加4亿USD。布什允许各州依据自己觉得适合的状况支配这笔基金---首要条件是他们需要打造教师责任制规范。这与罗纳德里根在1980年代所做的类似。不过那时，教育信息中心主席埃米莉费斯特里泽说到：钱都不知去向。对于布什的的计划，她说：我担忧资金到了州里会被挪作他用。
布什计划将用于军人当教师计划的资金投入从240万USD增加到3000万USD。该计划把那些想教书的退伍军人安置在公立学校，并任用像阿瑟摩尔如此的人。阿瑟摩尔在军中服役21年后于1994年退役。他了解自己想教书。不少人本来可以成为出色的教师，但因为认证过程中的官僚主义而受阻。现年45岁的摩尔说道。他刚开始在巴尔的摩教小学四年级学生，目前负责给同意特殊教育的学生做测试工作。军人当教师计划可以减少门槛，激起退役军人的潜能，是很好的计划。布什还计划增加数学和理科专业出身，在贫困学校教书的退伍军人的贷款免除额。
戈尔的策略得到了教师工会的支持。该策略计划在10年内斥资80亿USD帮助招募100万新教师，并拨款为大学提供资助，实行贷款免除与发放奖金。除此之外，戈尔计划再花80亿USD给采取积极方案提升教师水平的贫困区域每位教师增加5000USD薪资，再加上给每位获得国家教育委员会证书的教师10000USD。戈尔还需要各州确保所有些新教师都能通过严格的评估。费斯特里泽说：戈尔的计划招募的教师人数或许有点多，但他的教师测试提案正是大家所需要的。
