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In case If Perhaps Instead
答案是 If, 为何不可以选 In case? 两者有哪些用上的区別?
引导条件状语从句时,if 表示“假如”,可以指目前、过去或以后;in case表示“假如”、“万一”、“以防”,只能指以后或过去以后时间,谓语动词用通常目前时或通常过去时。在你的句子中,谓语动词intend指目前时间,即“目前一心想”,所以答案应该是 If, 不可以选 In case。
下面两个句子最能说明 in case 与 if 有什么区别: Im taking an umbrella in case it rains later on. 我目前拿着一把伞,以防一会儿下雨。Ill take an umbrella if it rains later on.如果一会儿下雨,我就拿一把伞。【在句中“我目前拿着一把伞”已经成为事实,而无论是天晴还是下雨。而在句(b)中,我是不是拿伞,取决于一会儿是不是下雨。】
以下内容摘自《牛津英语使用方法指南》第三版:
通常说来,in case 和 if 的使用方法并不相同。
Do A in case B happens 的意思是 Do A because B might happen later(“(先)做 A,由于将来 B 或许会发生”)。
Do A if B happens 的意思是 Do A if B has already happened(“假如 B 已经发生了,那样就做 A”)。
试比较:
- Lets buy a bottle of wine in case Roger comes. 咱们买一瓶葡萄夜店,万一罗杰来呢。
Lets buy a bottle of wine if Roger comes. 假如罗杰来了,大家就买一瓶酒。
- Im taking an umbrella in case it rains .我带上一把伞,以防下雨。
Ill open the umbrella if it rains .假如下雨,我就把伞撑开。(不可以说: Ill open the umbrella in case it rains .)
- People insure their houses in case they catch fire. 大家给我们的房子买保险,以防房子发生失火。(不可以说:... if they catch fire.)
People telephone the fire brigade if their houses catch fire.假如房屋失火,大家就给消防队打电话。(不可以说:... telephone ... in case their houses catch fire.)