在备考英语四级阅读时，重点应放在提升阅读速度和理解文章主旨上。多做训练，熟知容易见到题型和方法，能够帮助应付考试挑战。新东方在线记者为大伙整理了“2024年12月英语四级阅读理解考试题及参考答案”，期望能为大伙带来帮助。
2024年12月英语四级阅读理解考试题及参考答案
Oceanography has been defined as “Theapplication of all sciences to the study of the sea”.
Before the nineteen century, scientists with aninterest in the sea were few and far between.Certainly Newton considered some theoreticalaspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant togo to sea to further his work.
For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelersor others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions aboutit, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that question “What is at thebottom of the oceans?” had tobe answered with any commercial consequence was when thelaying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The had to know the depthprofileof the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.mote,and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living fromthe sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask whatlay beneaththe surface. The first time that question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to beanswered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable fromEurope to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profileof theroute to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.
It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, forinformation on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyagesduring which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic andPacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book ThePhysical Geography of the Sea.
The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. Atthe early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to becovered in living growths, afact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was nolife in the deeper parts of the sea.
Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientificexpedition, which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from thesea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volumereport, the last volume being published in 1895.
复习资料：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographicstudies take on ______.
A. an academic aspect
B. a military aspect
C. a business aspect
D. an international aspect
2. It was ______ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.
A. the American Navy
B. some early intercontinental travelers
C. those who earned a living from the sea
D. the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable
3. The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was ______.
A. to make some sounding experiments in the oceans
B. to collect samples of sea plants and animals
C. to estimate the length of cable that was needed
D. to measure the depths of the two oceans
4. “Defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means “______”.
A. doubted
B. gave proof to
C. challenged
D. agreed to
5. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. the beginnings of oceanography
B. the laying of the first undersea cable
C. the investigation of ocean depths
D. the early intercontinental communications
参考答案
1.[C] 亊实判断题。文章第3段第2句提到，这个问題的解答是具备商业结果的。C中的business为原文中commercial 同义改写，故选C。
2.[D] 细节题。文章第4段首句为一个强调句，强调的是宾语。题干也是一个强调句型，但强调的是主语。假如把原文的强调句型改为普通的句型，就了解向Maury寻求帮助的是the Atlantic Telegraph Company.故答案为D。A是Maury的工作单位，可以排除;原文只提到对于一些早期的穿越洲际的旅游家和依赖海洋保持生计的人，海洋并不遥远，故B、C与题意不符。
3.[D] 亊实判断题。文章第4段提到，19世纪40年代，Maury负责推进进行测深工作的海上航行，以此来探测北大西洋与太平洋的深度.故选D。
4.[C] 词义判断题。当时的科学看法是海洋较深的地方没有生命，而事实上在电缆表面发现了活的生物.由此可知这一亊实对当时的科学看法提出质疑，故答案为C。
5.[A] 主旨题。通读全文可知，oceanography是全文的中心词，本文主要讲述海洋学是怎么样起步的，故答案为A 。B、C只表述了原文中个別细节，并不是主题;D跟全文无关。
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