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法律英语|两个“生父”两种意义

来源:www.Limpn.com 2024-01-28
1980 年9月十日第五届全国人民代表大会第三次会议通过的《中华人民共和国婚姻法》第19条第二项提到:非婚生子女的生父,第20条第二项则提到了:养子女和生爸爸妈妈。对这两个生父,大家的着眼点不同:前一个生父,是与有合法婚姻地位的爸爸相对而言的,从而这生父只不过从生物学的看法来看,才是非婚生子女的爸爸,故译成英语宜做biological father或natural father,即事实上的生身之父而不是法律上合法婚姻的爸爸;后一个生父则是同养父相对而言的,假如说养父是义父即假父那样这种 生父才是亲生的真爸爸,故译成英语宜做real father.

可见,婚姻法第20条第二项的生爸爸妈妈宜译做real parents.下列取自原著的例句为这种译法提供了实践依据:这生爸爸妈妈系同adoptive parents即养爸爸妈妈相对而言,乃法律用语,假如化为通常用语便是亲(生)爸爸妈妈了。既然亲(生)爸爸妈妈译做real parents,则亲(生)女儿,亲(生)子(女)、亲(生)姊(妹)当然也相应地译做real daughter,real child和real sister了。请看下列三例所示:

2.I began tO look at the lives Of other women in the socialist1 movement,and settle on these three,Eleanor

Marx,Rosa Luxemburg,and Angelica Balabanoff only one of whom is a real daughter of Kari Marxas illustrating2 different reactions to Marxism and to the socialist movement.

Ronald Florence:Marx's Daughters,The

Dial Press,NY 1975,Preface

3.although only one was a real child,all three were truly Marx's daughters,bound by an ideology3 and a movement.

Ibid,Cover Jacket

4.he may have been thinking of his half-brother,Alois,as well as his half-sister,Angela Raubal,and his real sister,Paula

Robert Payne:The Life,and Death of Adolf Hitler,p.554

回到本文的主旨,再明确一下:依据正确理解,非婚生子女的 生父乃natural(或biological) father而不做real father;养子女的生父以译做real father为宜(没任何被误解的可能),但亦可以译做natural(或biological) father(但大概被误解为养子女兼非婚生子女的生父)。同是一个生父,要辨别其不一样的词义。

附带追问一句:既有natural father,有没natural moth er,又有没natural person呢?回答是:非婚生子女之生母,通常不叫natural mother而就(同婚生子女的生母一样)叫mother,所以natural mother仅与real mother同义。至于natural person,在英语中是确有其词的,意即自然人。你我都是自然人而不是机器人;中国对外翻译出版公司却既非机器人,又非自然人,但仍不失其为人即 person.什么人呢?artificial(人为的)person即法入是也


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