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中学题库|中考总复习——形容词副词使用方法专题精讲(1)

来源:www.huixiwan.com 2024-05-03

Ⅰ形容词

-命题趋势

形容词是历年各省市中考必考要点。从考查形式看,一般有单项选择、完形填空、词汇运用等。所占分值一般为2~4分。从命题意图看,侧重考查考生在具体语言环境中用形容词的能力。

-考查重点

中考考试试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级,比较级和最高级的各种句型、形容词作定语的地方、易混淆的形容词使用方法辨析等。其中,形容词比较等级句型、形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing时的地方,易混淆的形容词使用方法辨析等是考查的热门。

1、形容词的一般使用方法

1.作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。

比如,Its a cold and windy day.

2.作表语,放在系动词的后面。

比如,He looks happy today.

3.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。

比如,Would1 you like something hot to drink?

4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。

比如,How long is the river? Its about two hundred metres2 long.

5.只能作表语的形容词:afraid害怕;alone3一个人的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;alive活着的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened害怕的

比如,The man is ill.(正)

The ill man is my uncle.(误)

6.只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的

比如,My elder4 brother is in Beijing.(正)

My brother is elder. (误)

7.貌似副词的形容词:lonely一个人的;friendly友好的;lively生动的;lovely可爱的

8.复合形容词:snow-white雪白的 English-speaking说英语的;glass-TOPped玻璃罩的;full-time全日制的;well-known大家都知道的;kind-hearted善良的;man-made人造的;take-away可以带走的;ten-year-old十岁的。

2、多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序

其顺序为:

限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,长幼,颜色)出处材料性质类别名词

A small round table一张小圆桌

A tall white building一幢高大的白色建筑物

A dirty old black shirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衫

A famous5 American medical6 school一个很著名的美国医学院

3、形容词常用句型

1.Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式表示某人(做某事)如何。

注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格特点、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish7(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。

比如,Its very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我,真好。

Its very rude8 of her to say such9 words.(=She is very rude to say such words.)她说如此的话,真粗鲁。

Its foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了。

2.Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式表示做某事对某人来讲如何。

注意:这一句型中常见的形容词有important(要紧的),necessary11(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等。

比如,Its not easy for them to learn a foreign12 language13.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来讲学好一门外语困难。

Its very important10 for students to listen to teachers carefully14.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)对于学生来讲上课认真听老师讲课是尤为重要的。

Its necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)对于大家来讲按时到校是很必要的。

3.表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad(开心的),pleased(开心的),sad(忧伤的),thankful(感激的)等常接不定式。

比如,Glad to see you.见到你特别高兴。

Im very sad to hear the bad news15.听到这个坏新闻,我很难过。

4.表示能力和意志的形容词,如ready(乐意的,有筹备的),able(有能力的),sure(肯定),certain(肯定)等常接不定式。

比如,Lei Feng is always ready to help others16.雷锋一直助人为乐。

He is sure to get to school on time.他必然会按时到校。


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