讲解:有两个词语需要先讲解一下:something be meant to represent是use something to mean的被动语态。mean在这里不是常见的的意思是的意思,而是表示做某事所表达的目的、意图,其英文解释为:to serve or intend to convey, show, or indicate。句中的结构为:something be meant not so much to,,, but rather to, 事实上是把be meant to和not rather 的两个固定搭配套在一块,意思是:不是为了而是为了
另外,suppose的意思非常抽象,困难理解。此词既有据信、被觉得的意思,也有预期的意思,还有表示贬义的假想的被想当然的意思。
本句的supposed使用方法极其特殊,在此处的意思,用以上任何一个解释来理解居然都可以成立,既是在说一个预期的社会状况,又是在说一个虚构出来的、本来没有的社会状况,其使用方法像中文中的一语双关,是文章作者自以为文笔精妙之处。
意群练习:If one begins by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek deIscript/Iions of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact-real Amazonian societies-but rather to offermoral lessons on the supposed outcome of women's rule in their own society.
18. Thus,for instance,it may come as a shock to mathematicians1 to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally2 correct deIscript/Iion of this atom,but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin,magnetic dipole,and relativistic effects;and that this correctedequation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set ofquantum field-theoretical equations. (5)
因此,举例来讲,对数学家而言,获悉下述情形或许会令其惊愕不已,即薛定谔(Schrodinger)的氢原子方程式并不是是对该原子作出的一种绝然正确的描述,而只是个近似值,趋近于一个在某种程度上更为正确的将自旋、磁性偶极子、与相对论效应考虑在内的方程式;而这个得以纠正的方程式就其本身而言也只不过一个不完美的近似值,趋近于无穷无尽的一整套量子场论方程式。
难句种类:复杂修饰、插入语、省略
讲解:读到此句时,数学家不见得震撼,晕倒的考生恐怕不在少数。不但句子结构复杂,而且罗列了很多的专有名词。对于不是理科的同学来讲,在阅读这篇文章的现场了解地了解应该读到什么程度远比研究这类生僻的专有名词更要紧。其实是不是了解薛定鄂方程对读者来讲并不见得要紧,GRE考试的出题者也不见得了解它;重点是要了解句子的主要意思;数学家不可以理解不精确和近似值的伟大意义。不过在本书中,出现的句子均以阅读练习为目的,所以读者仍要把句子的结构读了解。
主句中的主语it是一个开工主语,其具体的内容应该是从to learn开始一直到句子结束的长达八行的不定式,但此不定式实在太长,假如放在句首则句子没办法平衡。Learn后面携带两个以that引导的宾语从句,中间以分号和and分开,可以把分号未来的句子看成是and it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that的省略形式。
意群练习:Thus, for instance, it may come as a shock to mathematiians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct deIscript/Iion of this atom, but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin, magnetic dipole, and relativistic effects; and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field-theoretical equations