在一本书上看“缩合连接代词”一词,不了解是什么意思。书上说下面句子中的what就是缩合连接代词:
Have you got any idea what she wants? 你了解她要什么吗?
She was not happy at what he said. 对他说的话她感到不开心。
It was what he meant rather than what he said. 这是他的原意而不是他的原话。
但我在语法书上没查到有“缩合连接代词”一说啊!
▲首次听说“缩合连接代词”这个术语。依据你提供的例句,应该是what作为“复合关系代词”的使用方法。
大家第一看一下what在句中有哪些用途:
充当疑问代词,引导特殊疑问句:What are they going to talk about?
充当连接代词,引导名词性从句:I don’t know what they are going to talk about.
以上两种状况,what仍然表示“什么”,含有疑问的意思。
what 除去充当“疑问代词”和“连接代词”以外,还有一个尤为重要的使用方法,就是英语语法所说的“复合关系代词”,但当它充当“复合关系代词”时,则没疑问的意思。下面句子中的what就具备这种使用方法,请看:What they are going to talk about is global warming.
本句中,同样是What they are going to talk about,但跟上面两句的完全不同。
句中的what 事实上就等于the thing that,这就是所谓的“复合关系代词”:一个what本身,充当了先行词和关系代词两个角色。等于:The thing that they are going to talk about is global warming.
▲Have you got any idea what she wants? 你了解她要什么吗?
本句中,what he wants中的what是连接代词,引导名词性从句。不是所谓的“缩合连接代词”。由于这个what仍然表示“什么”,含有疑问的意思。跟 I don’t know what they are going to talk about.中的what是一回事。
▲以下两句话中的what充当了“复合关系代词”。
She was not happy at what he said. 对他说的话她感到不开心。
It was what he meant rather than what he said. 这是他的原意而不是他的原话。