自学考试“英语（一）”笔记 七十二
6. In addition to breaking the law themselves， people tolerate various levels of crime.
in addition to意思是“除…以外（还）…”， to是介词，在其后要用名词或动名词。
1）In addition to bread， I bought you some milk. （除去面包，我还给你买了些牛奶。）
2）In addition to holding a full-time1 job， he tutored some primary school children.
（除去一份全日制的工作，他还教会几个小学的孩子。）
tolerate是个及物动词，意思是put up with （忍受、宽恕）；accept （答应）
1）They tolerate the existence of opinions contrary to their own. （他们答应相反观念的存在。）
2）I cannot imagine how he tolerated the isolation2. （我不可以幻想他是怎么样忍受这份孤独的。）
7. We become used to seeing blood on the news on television. Become是一个连系动词，used to与连系动词或be动词连用，意思是“习气”，used to一个人用时，意思是“曩昔，过去”。
1） He is getting used to living in the south. （他正在习气南方的日子。）
2） I have become used to getting up early in the morning. （我已习气早上。）
1） He used to work for the government. （他曾为政府做事。）
2） They used to live in the same city. （他们曾在同一座城市日子过。）
请注意be used to中的to是个介词，后边要用名词或动名词，used to中的to是个不定式符号，后边用动词原形。
8. When it comes to respecting the rights of a mass of anonymous3 individuals， we might not be so responsible.
When it comes to等于so far as…is concerned意思是“就…而言”，“说到…时”。To是个介词，后边用名词或动名词。
1） He is not good at math， but when it comes to English， he is the best. （他的数学不好，要说到英语他是最好的。）
2）When it comes to giving due respect to the old people， she feels a bit uneasy4.
（说到给老人应有些敬重，她有的不自在。）
请注意mass与mess有什么区别。Mass的意思是“团，块；群；不少”；mess的意思是“混乱；一团糟”。
1） The floating masses office would prove to be a threat to the ships. （大块大块的浮冰对船只将是个威胁。）
2） They have collected a great mass of data. （他们已采集了不少材料。）
3） The room is a mess. （这房间又脏又乱。）
4） They made a mess of the job. （他们把工作搞得一团糟。）
9. While most people would not steal a wallet containing $50， they may not mind cheating on taxes， because cheating on taxes does not hurt any one person.
本句中的while意思是although（虽然，虽然），如：
1） While he is respected， he is not well-liked. （虽然他受人敬重，但并不让人喜欢。）
2） While I admit his good points， I can see his shortcomings. （虽然我承认他的优点我还是看到他的缺点的。）
在动词mind的后边要用动名词、名词短语或从句：
1） Mind the wet paint！ （当心，油漆未干。）
2） Mind your own business！ （甭管闲事！）
3） Would you mind my smoking？ （我吸烟你介怀吗？）
4） I don‘t mind tell him all I know. （我不介怀把我所了解的都告诉他。）
5） Mind that you don‘t forget the meeting. （注意别忘了开会。）
10. Perhaps this is why someone who robs a few dollars by force from a corner store will often end up with a longer jail term than a fraud5 artist who swindles thousands of dollars…
by force意思是“凭着暴力，逼迫地”，如：
1） Several youngsters6 robbed the bank by force. （几个青年以暴力掠夺银行。）
2） The boy was robbed of his money by force. （那个男生的钱被强抢了。）
end up的意思是“完毕，告终”，如：
1） You will end up in prison if you go on stealing. （倘若你继续偷下去，你最后会进监狱的。）
2） Wasteful7 people usually end up in debt. （浪费浪费者最后总是负债。）
3）We ended up taking a taxi there. （咱们最后乘出租车去了那儿。）
4）The party ended up with a chorus8. （晚会最后以合唱完毕。）
5）If we go on in this way， we shall end up with millions and millions of unemployed9.
（倘若咱们继续如此下去，成就会有数百万人失业。）
term在本句中的意思是“期限”，如：
serve one‘s term of service （服规定年限的兵役）
get a term of ten years in prison （被判十年徒刑）
during one‘s term of office （任职期间）
11. The police would never be able to keep an eye on everyone， and people would still find ways to bend new laws.
keep an eye on意思是“照看；密切注意”，如：
1） Can you keep an eye on the baby while I go shopping？ （我去购物时你能帮我照看一下孩子吗？）
2） Parents won‘t be able to keep an eye on the children all the time. （爸爸妈妈不可能时时注意孩子们。）
bend在本句中的意思是“任意曲解，篡改”，如：
1） They tried in vain to bend the rules of the game. （他们篡改比赛规则的企图没成功。）
2） He took advantage of his power to bend the law to suit his own purposes.
（他借助权力篡改法令以适合我们的目的。）
本课主要词组
1. think of 2. be aware
3. go through 4. in case
5. divide into 6. in the same way
7. range from 8. in addition to
9. be tolerant10 of 10. become used to
11. care about 12. prevent from
13. when it comes to 14. by force
15. end up 16. keep an eye on
Text B Marriage in iran and America：a study in contrasts
短语表达
I. Phrases and expressions
1.compare with
Compared with the products of their factory， ours are superior in quality.
Compared with many other women in her days， she was really lucky.
2. for the purpose of
He cheated on the exam for the purpose of getting a high score.
He told a lie for the purpose of avoiding a possible punishment.
3. a number of
A number of local residents have moved to a new residential11 area.
A number of miners who had been trapped were saved.
4. be willing to
He was willing to lend us a helping12 hand when we were in need.
The man was not willing to admit that he was wrong.
5. be married to
She was married to a handsome young man from Germany.
The girl stood up and said she was willing to be married to the poor artist.
6. be involved in
No one wanted to be involved in this matter.
Mr. Li didn‘t expect that his son could be involved in this robbery.
7. respond to
How did the audience respond to your speech？
He responded to his wife‘s complaints by turning a deaf ear to her.
8. be allowed to
He is allowed to read in prison.
The boy is not allowed to play video games.
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